The primary and mixed dentition, posteruptive enamel. Written in an accessible style, the authors explain the biological and. Eastman dental center, rochester, new york 14603, usa. However, a demonstration of an inverse relationship between dental caries and fluoride intake indicates that trace elements have a potential effect on caries losee and ludwigs, 1970. Rosenfeld and beath, 1964, demonstrated effect of trace elements on dbntal caries 257 that selenium is an essential nutrient for animal life and that levels as low as 0. Vanadium, caries inhibiting trace element in the syrian hamster. This study investigated concentrations of essential and toxic elements zn, cu, pb, ni, co and cd using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy faas and na and k flame atomic emission spectroscopy. The influence of trace elements on the prevalence of caries is a confused subject. Teeth are reported to be suitable indicators of trace element exposure for a wide range of elements.
A vegetablecooking experiment showed that certain trace elements in the water are taken up by the vegetable and other elements are released to the water from the vegetable. Dental caries is the most common chronic childhood disease in the united states u. Prevention and management of dental caries in children 1 overarching principles refer to section 2 of the full guidance prevention and management of dental caries in children is designed to assist and support primary care practitioners and their teams in improving and maintaining the. Human body requires certain essential elements in small quantities and their absence or excess may result in severe malfunctioning of the body and even death in extreme cases because these essential trace elements directly influence the metabolic and physiologic processes of the organism. Association of dental caries and blood lead levels.
The third group is composed of the potentially toxic elements pb, cd, hg, as, al, li and sn 1,3,12,21. The influence of trace elements on the prevalence of caries is a complex subject. Dental caries is a chronic infectious disease that results in the destruction of tooth tissue. Caries risk assessment in an educational environment. When we analysed the relation with recent caries experience in the subgroup of subjects undergoing oral examinations for at least 1 year, we found evidence that the zncu molar ratios in whole saliva were significantly decreased in subjects with more than three decayed. In the oral cavity, it is naturally present at various sites such as dental plaque, dental hard tissues and saliva. The epidemiology of dental caries in relation to environmental trace elements other trace elements in food and water have now been linked with dental caries. Caries examinations of 251 children aged 12 to 14, from two ohio towns that use water supplies with high contents of boron and strontium showed a mean dmfs score of 3. S domejeanorliaquet dds, s a gansky phd, j d featherstone phd. Estimation of trace elements in sound and carious enamel of primary. It participates in important biological polyphosphate compound functions such as atp, dna, and rna.
Are there good reasons for fluoride labelling of food and. Dental caries examinations were carried out in an area of low caries prevalence, ascribed to a combined effect of fluoride and other trace elements. Elsevier the science of the total environment 153 1994 219224 the science of the total environment trace elements in saliva and dental caries in young adults p. Trace elements tes play an important role in human health. The direct fluorination of drinking waters of large communal centers is. The role and impact of salivary zn levels on dental caries. Dental caries and trace elements pubmed central pmc. Combined effect of trace elements and fluorine on caries.
Links to pubmed are also available for selected references. Trace elements can influence the physical properties of. Whole enamel samples prepared from 208 teeth were analyzed for concentrations of 30 trace elements. Tes have significant effects on both dental health and human health.
In june 1990, the joint faowhoiaea expert consultation on trace elements in human nutrition was held in geneva. Understanding its causes and progression allows the dental team to prevent and manage it so that patients can maintain healthy teeth for life. Nutritional aspects of essential trace elements in oral. The trace elements in the human dental enamel are derived from the. Pathobiology of dental caries dental caries is a microbiologic disease that results in the dissolution of the mineral structure of. Andersonthe relationship between dental conditions and the trace element molybdenum. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 443k, or. The influence of several trace elements on the cariessusceptibility of rodent teeth has been tested by injection into suckling rats.
Full text full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between exposure to trace elements and dental caries in. Iron most essential trace element body content 46g hb 68% ferritin % haemosiderin 12% myoglobin 3% iron enzymes 0. Relationships of trace elements in human tooth enamel to dental. Trace elements related to dental caries and other diseases. Essential trace elements trace elements iron, zinc and copper ultra trace elements manganese, selenium, cobalt, chromium, fluoride, iodine, and molybdenum 5 6. As such, the content of trace elements in the environment and the foods grown there are likely to be enriched in certain elements, such as mg. These encompass dental palaeopathology, stable isotope analysis, biomonitoring of trace elements, dental microwear analysis and a study of attrition angles in macroscopic tooth wear. Introduction the human body contains elements that can be classified as 1. Aggazzotti hygiene department, university of modena, ha campi 287, 41100 modena, italy received 9 september 1993.
Liver phospholipid values declined in animals on the choline free diet. Trace elements and dental health linkedin slideshare. To investigate the relationship between the salivary sr and ag concentrations and tooth conditions, saliva was collected from 521 primary school children in kitakyushu. The primary and mixed dentition, posteruptive enamel maturation and dental caries.
Much the same range of trace elements may be acquired by the tooth at any of these times and the distribution in the tooth of the elements will not necessarily differ. Association of environmental cadmium exposure with. Trace elements in human nutrition food and agriculture. Daily intake, recommended dietary allowance, reference dose, and.
Effect of naturally occurring selenium and vanadium on dental caries. Theories of dental caries free download as powerpoint presentation. Extensive coverage in depth into various trace elements has been done in order to reduce the task for students, specially postgraduate and other researchers in search of relevant books and journals. However, when dealing with trace elements, caution must be exercised to avoid excessive dosage. The fourth edition of essentials of dental caries provides readers with an uptodate, clinically relevant guide to dental caries.
Minerals in foods and drinking water have an important role in dental caries. Molybdenum has been associated with reduced caries prevalence whereas selenium and lead appear to have adverse effects. Rapid urbanization and economic development have resulted in drastic changes in diets with developing. Unfortunately, this book cant be printed from the openbook. Yet the implications of trace element acquisition at different times in the life history of a tooth can differ enormously as regards the diet, health or burial conditions of the. Study of salivary strontium and silver concentrations in. Repeat examinations in 1978 on lifelong resident children aged from 12 to 14 yr showed caries distribution patterns to be essentially the same as those found in a previous study in 1968. Influence of trace elements on dental enamel properties.
Toxic effects are caused by deficiency or excess of tes. The relationship that trace elements in saliva might have with dental caries activity has interested scientists for many years. It has been postulated that the observed differences may be attributed in part at least to exposure to trace elements such as selenium, vanadium, molybdenum, strontium, and lead. Dental caries and trace element composition of whole. Pdf influence of trace elements on dental enamel properties.
Study of trace elements in mixed saliva of caries free and caries. K gauba, a tewari, hs chawla post graduate institute of medical education and research, department of dentistry, chandigarh, india. Essentials of dental caries, fourth edition kidd, fejerskov 376 important to stress that public water fluoridation is the most costeffective way of obtaining a caries reduction to everyone in a society in a passive way, by which is meant that individual in not required to actively do anything to benefit. The analysis of trace elements in human tooth for use as biomarkers continues to generate considerable interest in environmental and bioanalytical studies, medical diagnostic and forensic science. Trace elements also known as trace minerals, are the chemical components that naturally occur in soil, plant, and wildlife in minute concentrations.
K gauba post graduate institute of medical education and research, department of dentistry, chandigarh india. A ratfeeding experiment is described in which the water from the cariesresistant area produced a reduction in caries of rats. Tes are present at different concentrations in the tooth structure. There have been important developments regarding the effects of fluorine on dental caries which justify the optimistic view that dental caries may be partially controlled by some form of fluoride therapy. It is proven to be effective against common prevalent oral health problems such as dental caries, gingivitis, periodontitis and malodour. No association could be found between the measured trace elements and dmft.
Caries active, caries free, mixed, saliva, trace elements. The influence of several trace elements on the caries susceptibility of rodent teeth has been tested by injection into suckling rats. Exposure to metal ions and susceptibility to dental caries. It is caused by a complex interaction of oral microorganisms in dental plaque, diet, and a broad array of host factors that needs to be present for tooth decay to occur. The textbook of trace elements and dental caries is one of its kinds now available in the market. Trace elements can be incorporated preeruptively and posteruptively into tooth enamel and change its physicochemical properties, affect the remineralization processes on the enamel surface, and influence the implantation and metabolism of cariogenic microorganism. Pdf quantitative analysis of trace elements in sound and. Salivary trace elements in relation to dental caries in a. Table 21 lists the pharmacologically effective actions of trace elements when they are consumed in excess.
The salivary sr and ag levels were determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The influence of trace elements on dental caries is a complex theme. Although there was an early start with fluoride, dental research had not considered other trace elements. Marwan ramadan 5th bds university of mousal college of dentistry pop dep. If you need to print pages from this book, we recommend downloading it as a pdf. Since teeth accumulate a variety of trace elements, it is interesting to study the elemental distribution in human teeth to evaluate the effect on dental caries. Trace elements in saliva and dental caries in young adults. The prevalence of dental caries exceeds 50% in 5 to 9yearold u. The influence of several trace elements on the caries. Results from several epidemiologic studies have shown that there are large differences in the prevalence of dental caries from one region to another within the united states as well as in other countries. Higher concentrations of fluorine and strontium in. Combined effect of trace elements and fluoride on caries.
Dental erosion by beverages and determination of trace. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 444k, or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Trace elements in the environment have long been implicated in the development of dental caries. Perhaps the most notable feature was the large number 19 of nutrients discussed. Effect of trace elements on dental caries sciencedirect.